Tuesday, April 2, 2013

Cleopatra

Black basalt statue of the Ptolemaic period, height 105 cm, from Hermitage's Ancient Egyptian collection (Peterburg, Russia). In 2002 the statue was identified as Cleopatra VII of Egypt.

"Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator".Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
Elisabeth Taylor in the movie Cleopatra (1963) of Joseph L. Mankiewicz.


Cléopâtre VII virtual (photo : Atlantic Productions) 2008.
Due to the work of the Egyptologist Sally Ann Ashton and a crew of IT.  She works at the Fitz William Museum, in Cambridge, United Kingdom.



Horace Ode I.37

We can divide this ode in 4 sections:

Lines 1-5: "it is time to drink". The Romans are celebrating with wine. They are celebrating the defeat over Cleopatra.

Lines 5-12: those lines refer to the battle of Actium of 32-31 BC. Cleopatra is drunk and she believes that she can rule over Roman people. That is why the narrator is extremely negative to Cleopatra. Moreover the Egyptian wine seems to have bad side effects, while the Roman wine, as seen above, is allowed and is well considered.

Lines 12-21: it refers to the battle of Actium, September 2 31 BC. Cleopatra is defeated by Octavian and she fled. Here appears a metaphor of hunting: Octavian (accipiter) hunts Cleopatra (columbas or  leporem).

Lines 21-28: it describes the suicide of Cleopatra in 30 BC. She killed herself to avoid to be humiliated. Here the narrator's opinion changes about Cleopatra. It becomes much more positive. From the fear and the disgust, his attitude toward her becomes respect and admiration.

Source: http://proserpinacurius.freeservers.com/Papers/cleopatra_ode.htm

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